Inventory KABARDIAN (UPSID 391)

Segment class Segment Marginal Allophones Representation

Consonants (Pulmonic)

Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Postalveolar Retroflex Palatal  Velar  Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
Plosive p b t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ   ʔ  
Nasal m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ
Trill ʙ r̪ r ʀ
Tap or Flap ⱱ ɾ̪ ɾ ɽ
Fricative ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ h ɦ
Lateral fricative ɬ ɮ
Approximant ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ
Lateral approximant l̪ l ɭ ʎ ʟ

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

Consonants (Non-Pulmonic)

Clicks Voiced implosives
ʘ Bilabial ɓ Bilabial
ǀ Dental ɗ Dental/alveolar
ǃ (Post)alveolar ʄ Palatal
ǂ Palatoalveolar ɠ Velar
ǁ Alveolar lateral ʛ Uvular

Vowels

Vowel Quadrilateral
Front Central Back Close Close-mid Open-mid Open

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a rounded vowel.

Other Segments

pʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER P - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
w LATIN SMALL LETTER W
kʷʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
kʷʼ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W - MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE
pʼ LATIN SMALL LETTER P - MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE
qʷʼ LATIN SMALL LETTER Q - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W - MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE
qʼ LATIN SMALL LETTER Q - MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE
xʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER X - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
χʷ GREEK SMALL LETTER CHI - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
a̟ː LATIN SMALL LETTER A - COMBINING PLUS SIGN BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON
e̞ː LATIN SMALL LETTER E - COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON
fʼ LATIN SMALL LETTER F - MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE
ɡʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
o̞ː LATIN SMALL LETTER O - COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON
qχ LATIN SMALL LETTER Q - GREEK SMALL LETTER CHI
qχʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER Q - GREEK SMALL LETTER CHI - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
ʁʷ LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL INVERTED R - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
ʃʼ LATIN SMALL LETTER ESH - MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE
ʔʷ LATIN LETTER GLOTTAL STOP - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
s̪ LATIN SMALL LETTER S - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW
t̪ʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
kʲʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
t̪ʼ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE
ɡʲ LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J
kʲʼ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J - MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE
z̪ LATIN SMALL LETTER Z - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW
d̪z̪ LATIN SMALL LETTER D - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER Z - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW
t̪s̪ʼ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER S - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE
t̪s̪ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER S - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW
ɣʲ LATIN SMALL LETTER GAMMA - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J
ɬ̪ʲ LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH BELT - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J
ɬ̪ʲʼ LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH BELT - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J - MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE
ɮ̪ʲ LATIN SMALL LETTER LEZH - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J
ʃ͇ LATIN SMALL LETTER ESH - COMBINING EQUALS SIGN BELOW
xʲ LATIN SMALL LETTER X - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J
ʒ͇ LATIN SMALL LETTER EZH - COMBINING EQUALS SIGN BELOW