Inventory Malayalam (EA 2559)

Segment class Segment Marginal Allophones Representation

Consonants (Pulmonic)

Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Postalveolar Retroflex Palatal  Velar  Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
Plosive p b t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ   ʔ  
Nasal m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ
Trill ʙ r̪ r ʀ
Tap or Flap ⱱ ɾ̪ ɾ ɽ
Fricative ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ h ɦ
Lateral fricative ɬ ɮ
Approximant ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ
Lateral approximant l̪ l ɭ ʎ ʟ

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

Consonants (Non-Pulmonic)

Clicks Voiced implosives
ʘ Bilabial ɓ Bilabial
ǀ Dental ɗ Dental/alveolar
ǃ (Post)alveolar ʄ Palatal
ǂ Palatoalveolar ɠ Velar
ǁ Alveolar lateral ʛ Uvular

Vowels

Vowel Quadrilateral
Front Central Back Close Close-mid Open-mid Open

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a rounded vowel.

Other Segments

kʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
pʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER P - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
tʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
ʈʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH RETROFLEX HOOK - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
cʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER C - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
ai LATIN SMALL LETTER A - LATIN SMALL LETTER I
au LATIN SMALL LETTER A - LATIN SMALL LETTER U
oi LATIN SMALL LETTER O - LATIN SMALL LETTER I
ei LATIN SMALL LETTER E - LATIN SMALL LETTER I
bʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER B - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
ɖʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH TAIL - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
ɡʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
ɟʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER DOTLESS J WITH STROKE - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
dʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER D - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H