Inventory Standard Chinese; Mandarin (PH 1047)

Segment class Segment Marginal Allophones Representation

Consonants (Pulmonic)

Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Postalveolar Retroflex Palatal  Velar  Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
Plosive p b t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ   ʔ  
Nasal m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ
Trill ʙ r̪ r ʀ
Tap or Flap ⱱ ɾ̪ ɾ ɽ
Fricative ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ h ɦ
Lateral fricative ɬ ɮ
Approximant ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ
Lateral approximant l̪ l ɭ ʎ ʟ

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

Consonants (Non-Pulmonic)

Clicks Voiced implosives
ʘ Bilabial ɓ Bilabial
ǀ Dental ɗ Dental/alveolar
ǃ (Post)alveolar ʄ Palatal
ǂ Palatoalveolar ɠ Velar
ǁ Alveolar lateral ʛ Uvular

Vowels

Vowel Quadrilateral
Front Central Back Close Close-mid Open-mid Open

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a rounded vowel.

Other Segments

kʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
pʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER P - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
tʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
t̠ʃ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER ESH
w LATIN SMALL LETTER W
tsʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - LATIN SMALL LETTER S - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
ts LATIN SMALL LETTER T - LATIN SMALL LETTER S
˦ MODIFIER LETTER HIGH TONE BAR
˧˦ MODIFIER LETTER MID TONE BAR - MODIFIER LETTER HIGH TONE BAR
ie LATIN SMALL LETTER I - LATIN SMALL LETTER E
uo LATIN SMALL LETTER U - LATIN SMALL LETTER O
ou LATIN SMALL LETTER O - LATIN SMALL LETTER U
ai LATIN SMALL LETTER A - LATIN SMALL LETTER I
au LATIN SMALL LETTER A - LATIN SMALL LETTER U
ɕ LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CURL
tɕ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CURL
uə LATIN SMALL LETTER U - LATIN SMALL LETTER SCHWA
tɕʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CURL - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
ia LATIN SMALL LETTER I - LATIN SMALL LETTER A
ua LATIN SMALL LETTER U - LATIN SMALL LETTER A
iu LATIN SMALL LETTER I - LATIN SMALL LETTER U
˦˨ MODIFIER LETTER HIGH TONE BAR - MODIFIER LETTER LOW TONE BAR
ei LATIN SMALL LETTER E - LATIN SMALL LETTER I
iau LATIN SMALL LETTER I - LATIN SMALL LETTER A - LATIN SMALL LETTER U
uai LATIN SMALL LETTER U - LATIN SMALL LETTER A - LATIN SMALL LETTER I
˧˨˧ MODIFIER LETTER MID TONE BAR - MODIFIER LETTER LOW TONE BAR - MODIFIER LETTER MID TONE BAR
iou LATIN SMALL LETTER I - LATIN SMALL LETTER O - LATIN SMALL LETTER U
ʃ̺ LATIN SMALL LETTER ESH - COMBINING INVERTED BRIDGE BELOW
t̠ʃ̺ʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER ESH - COMBINING INVERTED BRIDGE BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
uei LATIN SMALL LETTER U - LATIN SMALL LETTER E - LATIN SMALL LETTER I
ye LATIN SMALL LETTER Y - LATIN SMALL LETTER E