Segment class | Segment | Marginal | Allophones | Representation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | p b | t̪ d̪ | t d | ʈ ɖ | c ɟ | k ɡ | q ɢ | ʔ | |||
Nasal | m | ɱ | n̪ | n | ɳ | ɲ | ŋ | ɴ | |||
Trill | ʙ | r̪ | r | ʀ | |||||||
Tap or Flap | ⱱ | ɾ̪ | ɾ | ɽ | |||||||
Fricative | ɸ β | f v | θ ð | s z | ʃ ʒ | ʂ ʐ | ç ʝ | x ɣ | χ ʁ | ħ ʕ | h ɦ |
Lateral fricative | ɬ ɮ | ||||||||||
Approximant | ʋ | ɹ | ɻ | j | ɰ | ||||||
Lateral approximant | l̪ | l | ɭ | ʎ | ʟ |
Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.
Clicks | Voiced implosives | ||
---|---|---|---|
ʘ | Bilabial | ɓ | Bilabial |
ǀ | Dental | ɗ | Dental/alveolar |
ǃ | (Post)alveolar | ʄ | Palatal |
ǂ | Palatoalveolar | ɠ | Velar |
ǁ | Alveolar lateral | ʛ | Uvular |
w | LATIN SMALL LETTER W |
k͈ | LATIN SMALL LETTER K - COMBINING DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE BELOW |
p͈ | LATIN SMALL LETTER P - COMBINING DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE BELOW |
t͈ | LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE BELOW |
k͉ | LATIN SMALL LETTER K - COMBINING LEFT ANGLE BELOW |
p͉ | LATIN SMALL LETTER P - COMBINING LEFT ANGLE BELOW |
t͉ | LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING LEFT ANGLE BELOW |
ʈ͉ | LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH RETROFLEX HOOK - COMBINING LEFT ANGLE BELOW |
ȵ | LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH CURL |
ʈ͈ | LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH RETROFLEX HOOK - COMBINING DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE BELOW |
ȶ͈ | LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH CURL - COMBINING DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE BELOW |
ȶ͉ | LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH CURL - COMBINING LEFT ANGLE BELOW |