Inventory Turkish (Standard) (EA 2416)

Segment class Segment Marginal Allophones Representation

Consonants (Pulmonic)

Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Postalveolar Retroflex Palatal  Velar  Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
Plosive p b t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ   ʔ  
Nasal m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ
Trill ʙ r̪ r ʀ
Tap or Flap ⱱ ɾ̪ ɾ ɽ
Fricative ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ h ɦ
Lateral fricative ɬ ɮ
Approximant ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ
Lateral approximant l̪ l ɭ ʎ ʟ

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

Consonants (Non-Pulmonic)

Clicks Voiced implosives
ʘ Bilabial ɓ Bilabial
ǀ Dental ɗ Dental/alveolar
ǃ (Post)alveolar ʄ Palatal
ǂ Palatoalveolar ɠ Velar
ǁ Alveolar lateral ʛ Uvular

Vowels

Vowel Quadrilateral
Front Central Back Close Close-mid Open-mid Open

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a rounded vowel.

Other Segments

kʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
pʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER P - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
t̠ʃʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER ESH - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
d̻ LATIN SMALL LETTER D - COMBINING SQUARE BELOW
e̞ː LATIN SMALL LETTER E - COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON
n̻ LATIN SMALL LETTER N - COMBINING SQUARE BELOW
o̞ː LATIN SMALL LETTER O - COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON
s̻ LATIN SMALL LETTER S - COMBINING SQUARE BELOW
t̻ʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING SQUARE BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
z̻ LATIN SMALL LETTER Z - COMBINING SQUARE BELOW
e̞ LATIN SMALL LETTER E - COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW
o̞ LATIN SMALL LETTER O - COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW
d̠ʒ LATIN SMALL LETTER D - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER EZH
cʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER C - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
l̻ LATIN SMALL LETTER L - COMBINING SQUARE BELOW
ø̞ LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH STROKE - COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW
ä LATIN SMALL LETTER A - COMBINING DIAERESIS
äː LATIN SMALL LETTER A - COMBINING DIAERESIS - MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON
ɫ̻ LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH MIDDLE TILDE - COMBINING SQUARE BELOW
ɾ̻ LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK - COMBINING SQUARE BELOW