Inventory Mbembe (GM 1630)

Segment class Segment Marginal Allophones Representation

Consonants (Pulmonic)

Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Postalveolar Retroflex Palatal  Velar  Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
Plosive p b t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ   ʔ  
Nasal m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ
Trill ʙ r̪ r ʀ
Tap or Flap ⱱ ɾ̪ ɾ ɽ
Fricative ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ h ɦ
Lateral fricative ɬ ɮ
Approximant ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ
Lateral approximant l̪ l ɭ ʎ ʟ

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

Consonants (Non-Pulmonic)

Clicks Voiced implosives
ʘ Bilabial ɓ Bilabial
ǀ Dental ɗ Dental/alveolar
ǃ (Post)alveolar ʄ Palatal
ǂ Palatoalveolar ɠ Velar
ǁ Alveolar lateral ʛ Uvular

Vowels

Vowel Quadrilateral
Front Central Back Close Close-mid Open-mid Open

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a rounded vowel.

Other Segments

t̠ʃ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER ESH
w LATIN SMALL LETTER W
ɡʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
˧ MODIFIER LETTER MID TONE BAR
d̠ʒ LATIN SMALL LETTER D - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER EZH
mb LATIN SMALL LETTER M - LATIN SMALL LETTER B
nd LATIN SMALL LETTER N - LATIN SMALL LETTER D
n̠d̠ʒ LATIN SMALL LETTER N - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER D - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER EZH
ŋɡ LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG - LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G
˦ MODIFIER LETTER HIGH TONE BAR
kʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
ŋʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
˥˩ MODIFIER LETTER EXTRA-HIGH TONE BAR - MODIFIER LETTER EXTRA-LOW TONE BAR
˩˥ MODIFIER LETTER EXTRA-LOW TONE BAR - MODIFIER LETTER EXTRA-HIGH TONE BAR
mp LATIN SMALL LETTER M - LATIN SMALL LETTER P
nt LATIN SMALL LETTER N - LATIN SMALL LETTER T
ŋk LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG - LATIN SMALL LETTER K
bʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER B - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
mʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER M - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
mbʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER M - LATIN SMALL LETTER B - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
ŋɡʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG - LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
pʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER P - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
˨ MODIFIER LETTER LOW TONE BAR
nz LATIN SMALL LETTER N - LATIN SMALL LETTER Z
mʲ LATIN SMALL LETTER M - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J
pʲ LATIN SMALL LETTER P - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J
kʲ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J
ɡb LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G - LATIN SMALL LETTER B
kp LATIN SMALL LETTER K - LATIN SMALL LETTER P
d̠ʒʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER D - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER EZH - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
t̠ʃʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER ESH - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
bʲ LATIN SMALL LETTER B - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J
ŋmɡb LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG - LATIN SMALL LETTER M - LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G - LATIN SMALL LETTER B
fʲ LATIN SMALL LETTER F - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J
vʲ LATIN SMALL LETTER V - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J
n̠t̠ʃ LATIN SMALL LETTER N - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER ESH
mbʲ LATIN SMALL LETTER M - LATIN SMALL LETTER B - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J
ŋkʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG - LATIN SMALL LETTER K - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
ɱv LATIN SMALL LETTER M WITH HOOK - LATIN SMALL LETTER V
kpʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - LATIN SMALL LETTER P - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
fʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER F - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
vʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER V - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
nʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER N - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
dʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER D - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
ɱf LATIN SMALL LETTER M WITH HOOK - LATIN SMALL LETTER F
ndʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER N - LATIN SMALL LETTER D - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
ns LATIN SMALL LETTER N - LATIN SMALL LETTER S
n̠ʃ LATIN SMALL LETTER N - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER ESH
sʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER S - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
tʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
ŋmkp LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG - LATIN SMALL LETTER M - LATIN SMALL LETTER K - LATIN SMALL LETTER P
kpʲ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - LATIN SMALL LETTER P - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J
dɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER D - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
ndɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER N - LATIN SMALL LETTER D - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
tɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
bɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER B - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
d̠ʒɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER D - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER EZH - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
fɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER F - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
ɡbɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G - LATIN SMALL LETTER B - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
ɡɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
kpɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - LATIN SMALL LETTER P - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
kɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
kʷɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
mbɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER M - LATIN SMALL LETTER B - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
mpɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER M - LATIN SMALL LETTER P - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
mpʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER M - LATIN SMALL LETTER P - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
mɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER M - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
ɱfɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER M WITH HOOK - LATIN SMALL LETTER F - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
ɱvʲ LATIN SMALL LETTER M WITH HOOK - LATIN SMALL LETTER V - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL J
ɱvɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER M WITH HOOK - LATIN SMALL LETTER V - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
nɡɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER N - LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
nɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER N - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
nsɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER N - LATIN SMALL LETTER S - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
ntɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER N - LATIN SMALL LETTER T - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
n̠t̠ʃɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER N - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER ESH - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
nzɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER N - LATIN SMALL LETTER Z - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
ŋkɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG - LATIN SMALL LETTER K - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
ŋmkpɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG - LATIN SMALL LETTER M - LATIN SMALL LETTER K - LATIN SMALL LETTER P - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
ŋɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
pɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER P - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
sɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER S - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
t̠ʃɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER ESH - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
vɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER V - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK
zɾ LATIN SMALL LETTER Z - LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH FISHHOOK