Inventory Koshin (GM 1620)

Segment class Segment Marginal Allophones Representation

Consonants (Pulmonic)

Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Postalveolar Retroflex Palatal  Velar  Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
Plosive p b t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ   ʔ  
Nasal m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ
Trill ʙ r̪ r ʀ
Tap or Flap ⱱ ɾ̪ ɾ ɽ
Fricative ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ h ɦ
Lateral fricative ɬ ɮ
Approximant ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ
Lateral approximant l̪ l ɭ ʎ ʟ

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

Consonants (Non-Pulmonic)

Clicks Voiced implosives
ʘ Bilabial ɓ Bilabial
ǀ Dental ɗ Dental/alveolar
ǃ (Post)alveolar ʄ Palatal
ǂ Palatoalveolar ɠ Velar
ǁ Alveolar lateral ʛ Uvular

Vowels

Vowel Quadrilateral
Front Central Back Close Close-mid Open-mid Open

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a rounded vowel.

Other Segments

t̠ʃ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER ESH
w LATIN SMALL LETTER W
˧ MODIFIER LETTER MID TONE BAR
d̠ʒ LATIN SMALL LETTER D - COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER EZH
s̪ LATIN SMALL LETTER S - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW
˦ MODIFIER LETTER HIGH TONE BAR
˨ MODIFIER LETTER LOW TONE BAR
z̪ LATIN SMALL LETTER Z - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW
ɡb LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G - LATIN SMALL LETTER B
kp LATIN SMALL LETTER K - LATIN SMALL LETTER P
d̪z̪ LATIN SMALL LETTER D - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER Z - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW
t̪s̪ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER S - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW
i̜ LATIN SMALL LETTER I - COMBINING LEFT HALF RING BELOW
ɨ̜ LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH STROKE - COMBINING LEFT HALF RING BELOW
u̜ LATIN SMALL LETTER U - COMBINING LEFT HALF RING BELOW