Inventory Dinka (GM 1398)

Segment class Segment Marginal Allophones Representation

Consonants (Pulmonic)

Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Postalveolar Retroflex Palatal  Velar  Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
Plosive p b t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ   ʔ  
Nasal m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ
Trill ʙ r̪ r ʀ
Tap or Flap ⱱ ɾ̪ ɾ ɽ
Fricative ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ h ɦ
Lateral fricative ɬ ɮ
Approximant ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ
Lateral approximant l̪ l ɭ ʎ ʟ

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

Consonants (Non-Pulmonic)

Clicks Voiced implosives
ʘ Bilabial ɓ Bilabial
ǀ Dental ɗ Dental/alveolar
ǃ (Post)alveolar ʄ Palatal
ǂ Palatoalveolar ɠ Velar
ǁ Alveolar lateral ʛ Uvular

Vowels

Vowel Quadrilateral
Front Central Back Close Close-mid Open-mid Open

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a rounded vowel.

Other Segments

w LATIN SMALL LETTER W
˧ MODIFIER LETTER MID TONE BAR
˦ MODIFIER LETTER HIGH TONE BAR
˨ MODIFIER LETTER LOW TONE BAR
ɔ̤ LATIN SMALL LETTER OPEN O - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW
a̤ LATIN SMALL LETTER A - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW
e̤ LATIN SMALL LETTER E - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW
ɛ̤ LATIN SMALL LETTER OPEN E - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW
i̤ LATIN SMALL LETTER I - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW
o̤ LATIN SMALL LETTER O - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW
a̤ː LATIN SMALL LETTER A - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON
ɛ̤ː LATIN SMALL LETTER OPEN E - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON
i̤ː LATIN SMALL LETTER I - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON
o̤ː LATIN SMALL LETTER O - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON
ɔ̤ː LATIN SMALL LETTER OPEN O - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON
e̤ː LATIN SMALL LETTER E - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON