Inventory Hakka Chinese (UZ 2165)

Segment class Segment Marginal Allophones Representation

Consonants (Pulmonic)

Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Postalveolar Retroflex Palatal  Velar  Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
Plosive p b t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ   ʔ  
Nasal m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ
Trill ʙ r̪ r ʀ
Tap or Flap ⱱ ɾ̪ ɾ ɽ
Fricative ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ h ɦ
Lateral fricative ɬ ɮ
Approximant ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ
Lateral approximant l̪ l ɭ ʎ ʟ

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

Consonants (Non-Pulmonic)

Clicks Voiced implosives
ʘ Bilabial ɓ Bilabial
ǀ Dental ɗ Dental/alveolar
ǃ (Post)alveolar ʄ Palatal
ǂ Palatoalveolar ɠ Velar
ǁ Alveolar lateral ʛ Uvular

Vowels

Vowel Quadrilateral
Front Central Back Close Close-mid Open-mid Open

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a rounded vowel.

Other Segments

kʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
pʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER P - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
tʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
kʷʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
tsʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - LATIN SMALL LETTER S - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
e̞ LATIN SMALL LETTER E - COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW
ts LATIN SMALL LETTER T - LATIN SMALL LETTER S
˧ MODIFIER LETTER MID TONE BAR
˦ MODIFIER LETTER HIGH TONE BAR
m̩ LATIN SMALL LETTER M - COMBINING VERTICAL LINE BELOW
˧˩ MODIFIER LETTER MID TONE BAR - MODIFIER LETTER EXTRA-LOW TONE BAR
kʷ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL W
cʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER C - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
n̩ LATIN SMALL LETTER N - COMBINING VERTICAL LINE BELOW
˥˩ MODIFIER LETTER EXTRA-HIGH TONE BAR - MODIFIER LETTER EXTRA-LOW TONE BAR
˨ MODIFIER LETTER LOW TONE BAR
ɹ̩ LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED R - COMBINING VERTICAL LINE BELOW
e̞u LATIN SMALL LETTER E - COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER U
iu LATIN SMALL LETTER I - LATIN SMALL LETTER U
ä LATIN SMALL LETTER A - COMBINING DIAERESIS
äi LATIN SMALL LETTER A - COMBINING DIAERESIS - LATIN SMALL LETTER I
äu̽ LATIN SMALL LETTER A - COMBINING DIAERESIS - LATIN SMALL LETTER U - COMBINING X ABOVE
i̞ä LATIN SMALL LETTER I - COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER A - COMBINING DIAERESIS
iäu̽ LATIN SMALL LETTER I - LATIN SMALL LETTER A - COMBINING DIAERESIS - LATIN SMALL LETTER U - COMBINING X ABOVE
i̞e̞ LATIN SMALL LETTER I - COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW - LATIN SMALL LETTER E - COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW
iɔ̽ LATIN SMALL LETTER I - LATIN SMALL LETTER OPEN O - COMBINING X ABOVE
ɔ̽ LATIN SMALL LETTER OPEN O - COMBINING X ABOVE
ɔ̽i LATIN SMALL LETTER OPEN O - COMBINING X ABOVE - LATIN SMALL LETTER I
u̽i LATIN SMALL LETTER U - COMBINING X ABOVE - LATIN SMALL LETTER I