Inventory Sema (RA 1784)

Segment class Segment Marginal Allophones Representation

Consonants (Pulmonic)

Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Postalveolar Retroflex Palatal  Velar  Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
Plosive p b t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ   ʔ  
Nasal m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ
Trill ʙ r̪ r ʀ
Tap or Flap ⱱ ɾ̪ ɾ ɽ
Fricative ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ h ɦ
Lateral fricative ɬ ɮ
Approximant ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ
Lateral approximant l̪ l ɭ ʎ ʟ

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

Consonants (Non-Pulmonic)

Clicks Voiced implosives
ʘ Bilabial ɓ Bilabial
ǀ Dental ɗ Dental/alveolar
ǃ (Post)alveolar ʄ Palatal
ǂ Palatoalveolar ɠ Velar
ǁ Alveolar lateral ʛ Uvular

Vowels

Vowel Quadrilateral
Front Central Back Close Close-mid Open-mid Open

Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a rounded vowel.

Other Segments

kʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER K - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
pʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER P - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
w LATIN SMALL LETTER W
tsʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - LATIN SMALL LETTER S - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
e̞ LATIN SMALL LETTER E - COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW
ts LATIN SMALL LETTER T - LATIN SMALL LETTER S
˧ MODIFIER LETTER MID TONE BAR
t̪ʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER T - COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
˥ MODIFIER LETTER EXTRA-HIGH TONE BAR
cç LATIN SMALL LETTER C - LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA
cçʰ LATIN SMALL LETTER C - LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
˩ MODIFIER LETTER EXTRA-LOW TONE BAR
l̤ LATIN SMALL LETTER L - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW
m̤ LATIN SMALL LETTER M - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW
n̤ LATIN SMALL LETTER N - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW
ɲ̤ LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH LEFT HOOK - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW
u̞ LATIN SMALL LETTER U - COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW