Segment class | Segment | Marginal | Allophones | Representation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | p b | t̪ d̪ | t d | ʈ ɖ | c ɟ | k ɡ | q ɢ | ʔ | |||
Nasal | m | ɱ | n̪ | n | ɳ | ɲ | ŋ | ɴ | |||
Trill | ʙ | r̪ | r | ʀ | |||||||
Tap or Flap | ⱱ | ɾ̪ | ɾ | ɽ | |||||||
Fricative | ɸ β | f v | θ ð | s z | ʃ ʒ | ʂ ʐ | ç ʝ | x ɣ | χ ʁ | ħ ʕ | h ɦ |
Lateral fricative | ɬ ɮ | ||||||||||
Approximant | ʋ | ɹ | ɻ | j | ɰ | ||||||
Lateral approximant | l̪ | l | ɭ | ʎ | ʟ |
Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.
Clicks | Voiced implosives | ||
---|---|---|---|
ʘ | Bilabial | ɓ | Bilabial |
ǀ | Dental | ɗ | Dental/alveolar |
ǃ | (Post)alveolar | ʄ | Palatal |
ǂ | Palatoalveolar | ɠ | Velar |
ǁ | Alveolar lateral | ʛ | Uvular |
kʰ | LATIN SMALL LETTER K - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H |
pʰ | LATIN SMALL LETTER P - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H |
tʰ | LATIN SMALL LETTER T - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H |
w | LATIN SMALL LETTER W |
ũː | LATIN SMALL LETTER U - COMBINING TILDE - MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON |
b̤ | LATIN SMALL LETTER B - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW |
õ̞ | LATIN SMALL LETTER O - COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW - COMBINING TILDE |
d̤ | LATIN SMALL LETTER D - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW |
ɡʱ | LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT G - MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H WITH HOOK |
ɟ̤ | LATIN SMALL LETTER DOTLESS J WITH STROKE - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW |
æ̞̃ | LATIN SMALL LETTER AE - COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW - COMBINING TILDE |
c̤ | LATIN SMALL LETTER C - COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW |